Public expenditures in framework of national innovation and R&D policies

Abstract

National innovation and R&D activities are accepted as the key elements of economic development and growth and are the most essential elements of achieving a competitive advantage in international markets. The importance of these two concepts is increasing day by day in terms of economic units in both private and public sectors. Policies applied to these fields of activity in each country develop in a different way. Since the innovation and R&D studies, which are mostly carried out by the private sector compared to the public sector, develop in line with the financing capacity, the participation of the public in the relevant fields of activity with expenditure-oriented policy applications comes to the fore. The aim of this study is to examine the outlook and practices of policies for national innovation and R&D activities in OECD countries in terms of public expenditures and to develop suggestions for these fields of activity in line with comparative analysis.